DESIGN PRINCIPLES - EXERCISES
Chiquita Johanna Roosprameswari (0336747)
Design Principles
Exercises
INSTRUCTION
LECTURES
Week 1
Introduction to Design Principles and Contrast
I cannot attend this class due to late arrivals and VAL. So i've done the assignment at week 2.
Figure 1.1 My Final Artwork about Contrast
Feedback :
Miss Sherry said that my artwork is correct. It is a contrast. She also said that my artwork really looks like it has a strong contrast.
Week 2
The Gestalt Principle
This week Miss Sherry taught us about Gestalt Principle. And because of my late arrivals, Miss Sherry told me to do the Contrast and Gestalt assignment immediately to keep up with the class.
Gestalt is a psychology term which means "unified whole". It refers to theories of visual perception developed by German psychologists in the 1920s. These theories attempt to describe how people tend to organize visual elements into groups or unified wholes when certain principles are applied.
The principles are :
- Similarity
- Continuation
- Proximity
- Closure
Figure 2.1 Examples of Gestalt
Figure 2.2 My Final Artwork about Gestalt
Feedback :
Miss Sherry commented that my artwork is pretty interesting, she likes the idea that i combined hand and guitar. She also likes that i did the diagonal cut on the bottom of my square shape as my outline. She said that it looks more exciting. But there's a little part that looks a little messy on the curve, because it is quite hard to cut a curvy line using a cutter.
Week 3
Symmetry, Asymmetry, Balance and Dominance
This week lecture we learn about symmetry, asymmetry, balance and dominance. We were divided into groups to do a presentation about certain subjects.
- Symmetry is when elements are arranged in the same way on both sides of an axis. Perfect symmetry is when elements are mirrored over the axis and exactly the same on both sides.
- Asymmetry is when its elements might be focal points and attract your eyes, no one area of the composition draws your eye so much that you can't see the other areas.
Figure 3.1 Sample of Symmetry and Asymmetry
- Balance is a feeling of equality in weight, attention, or attraction of the various visual elements whithin the pictorial field as a means of accomplishing organic unity.
Figure 3.2 Sample of Balance
Figure 4.1 Example of Flow Pattern
Figure 4.2 Examples of Branching Pattern
Figure 4.5 Examples of Repetition
Figure 5.2 Examples of centre alignment
Figure 5.3 Examples of visual alignment
Figure 5.4 Examples of Scale
- Dominance is where the individual parts contribute to their sum but don't try to become the sum.
Figure 3.3 Sample of Dominance
Miss Sherry told us to do another exercise about symmetry, asymmetry, balance and dominance. We can choose which subject we want. And I choose asymmetry.
Figure 3.4 My Final Artwork about Asymmetry.
Feedback :
Miss Sherry said that i did my work bravely, because i choose the colour black and white as my dominant colour.
Week 4
Pattern, Repetition, Texture, Surface
This week our classmates explained about Pattern, Repitition, Texture, Surface.
Pattern
The repetition of any thing - shapes, lines, or colours - also called a motif, in a design; as such it is one of the principles of design.
There are 4 types of pattern :
- Flow : Follow the paths.
Figure 4.1 Example of Flow Pattern
- Branching : Obvious form of patterning in the plant world.
Figure 4.2 Examples of Branching Pattern
- Spiral : Patterns can be seen from the scale of galaxies to the opening of an "fiddlehead" buds of ferns, to the forms of microscopic animals.
Figure 4.3 Examples of Spiral Pattern
- Packing & Cracking : Refers in which compacted cells define each others shape. For example, a densely packed cluster of mushrooms.
Figure 4.4 Examples of Cracking Pattern
Repetition
It is simply repeating a single element many times in a design. For example, you could draw a line horizontally and then draw several others next to it.
The principle of repetition simply means the reusing of the same or similar elements throughout your design.
Repetition works with pattern to make the work of art seem active. The repetition of elements of design creates unity within the work of art.
Repetition is the use of similar or connected pictorial elements. It is also the use of similar or connected pictorial elements. Repetition can be regular or irregular and even or uneven. It may be in the form of gradation where the repeated elemnts slowly become smaller or larger.
Figure 4.5 Examples of Repetition
Texture
Texture is the quality of an object which we sense through touch. It exists as a literal surface we can feel, but also as a surface we can see, and imagine the sensation might have if we felt it.
Basically, texture can also be portrayed in an image, suggested to the eye which can refer to our memories of surfaces we have touched. Hence, a texture can be imaginary.
There are several groups of texture :
- Bristly, rough, and hard.
- Smooth, cold, and hard.
- Smooth, soft, and/or warm
- Wet and dry.
They can help create contrast in a design and also help with the balance of the composition of a design.
Surface
Surface is outermost/uppermost layer of a physical object/space. It is where any type of median is applied on. Surface also allows us to see things in 2 dimensional perspective but we would know what it is made of.
Figure 4.13 Closeups of my artwork
Figure 4.14 Full look of my artwork
Feedback:
Miss Sherry really likes my pattern. She said that I'm the only one who makes it differently. She also said that I'm the only one who makes the pattern boldly.
Week 5
Alignment, Hierarchy, Placement
This week our classmates explained about Alignment, Hierarchy, Placement
Alignment
Alignment is the arrangement of visual elements so they line up in a composition.
There are three types of Alignment:
Figure 5.1 Examples of edge alignment
Figure 4.6 Bristly, rough, and hard
Figure 4.7 Smooth, cold, and hard
Figure 4.8 Smooth, soft, and/or warm
Figure 4.9 Wet and dry
Surface
Surface is outermost/uppermost layer of a physical object/space. It is where any type of median is applied on. Surface also allows us to see things in 2 dimensional perspective but we would know what it is made of.
Figure 4.10 Wood Surface
Figure 4.11 Knitted Surface
Figure 4.12 Empty Canvas
For the pattern, repetition, texture, and surface, I choose to do pattern (with a little bit of texture).
For the stamps, I use leaves that I picked up from a tree. And I also use watercolour. I want to make a flower look alike shape using the leaves. I choose to do the pattern with leaves because I like how the results turns out having a texture.
Figure 4.13 Closeups of my artwork
From the pictures above, you can see the texture from the leaves.
Figure 4.14 Full look of my artwork
I choose the colour green and blue because I want to represents the colour of nature. Because I think whenever people hear the word nature, they first colour that came into their minds are the colour green and blue.
Feedback:
Miss Sherry really likes my pattern. She said that I'm the only one who makes it differently. She also said that I'm the only one who makes the pattern boldly.
Week 5
Alignment, Hierarchy, Placement
This week our classmates explained about Alignment, Hierarchy, Placement
Alignment
Alignment is the arrangement of visual elements so they line up in a composition.
There are three types of Alignment:
- Edge alignment : Determines the arrangement of elements in relation to the edges of the page/canvas.
Figure 5.1 Examples of edge alignment
- Centre alignment : Is where elements are aligned to the centre.
Figure 5.2 Examples of centre alignment
- Visual/Optical Alignment : Fixes some of the problems that can occur with other types of alignment due to the varying of letters and graphics. This can be helpful if we want to make one element stands out.
Hierarcy
Refers to the arrangement elements in a way that implies importance.
- Scale
Figure 5.4 Examples of Scale
- Colour and contrast
Figure 5.5 Examples of colour and contrast
- White space
Figure 5.6 Examples of white space
- Proximity
Figure 5.7 Examples of proximity
The change and position of shapes that can affect visual depth and composition of an artwork.
Figure 5.8 Examples of placement
Feedback:
Miss Sherry told me that I have a 'good eye' on making the collage and she really likes the composition. And I'm pretty glad when the whole class saw my artwork, they can see which and where is the alignment. Which makes me know that everybody could see and understand some of the things that I want to represent from my artwork.
Week 6
Dot, Line, Size and Scale
This week, some of our friends were presenting about dot, line, size and scale.
Dots
Visual Direction
Visual direction is about leading the eye to the next location.
Visual direction is the perceived direction of visual forces. Think of it as the direction you would expect an element to move if it were in motion.
3 types of direction :
- Vertical Direction :
Figure 5.9 Example of vertical direction
A vertical direction adds a sense of formality, alertness and balance.
- Horizontal Direction :
Figure 5.10 Example of horizontal direction
A horizontal direction makes the composition appear calm and stable.
- Diagonal Direction :
Figure 5.11 Example of diagonal direction
A diagonal direction suggests movement and action.
For this assignment, I make collage with the edge and centre alignment
Figure 5.12 My final artwork
Figure 5.13 Closeup (with the red lines)
From the picture above, you could see the two red lines (vertical and horizontal). It is the edge alignment. Also, you can see that the 'FROM SPAIN' article and the word/title 'SKY' is in the same alignment.
Figure 5.14 Closeup (with red lines)
From the picture above, you can see that the Chinese article is a centre alignment.
Besides making the work based on the design principles, I also prioritise creativity. So I made some variations to make it more exciting.
Figure 5.15 Full look and Closeups of my variations
I want to make the title 'SKY' to look more interesting, so for the 'K' and 'Y', I cut it using a black magazine page and I play with the rotation and I also kind of flip it so it looks more unusual.
I also make the picture of the circus guy with a black rectangle and the white colour corner border as the same alignment.
I also make the picture of the circus guy with a black rectangle and the white colour corner border as the same alignment.
Feedback:
Miss Sherry told me that I have a 'good eye' on making the collage and she really likes the composition. And I'm pretty glad when the whole class saw my artwork, they can see which and where is the alignment. Which makes me know that everybody could see and understand some of the things that I want to represent from my artwork.
Week 6
Dot, Line, Size and Scale
This week, some of our friends were presenting about dot, line, size and scale.
Dots
- The smallest and most basic element of graphic design.
- Designing with dots can create a wide variety of visual effects.
- There are various associations that can be made with positioning a single dot in different areas of a page.
- A single point in the centre of an area can convey calmness.
Figure 6.1 Single point in the centre
- But if you shift the point towards the edge of the paper it becomes tension.
Figure 6.2 Single point in the edge
- Dots are the building blocks of everything else. Every shape, form, mass, or blob with a centre is a dot regardless of its size.
- A point of focused attention. Dots provide a reference point relative to the other forms and space around it.
- While we often think of dots as circular in nature, they don't have to be. Dots are actually the focal points in our compositions.
- A square placed in the whitespace of a page is still a dot. It still attracts visual attention to it, which again is the dot's defining characteristic.
Figure 6.3 Examples of dots in graphic design
Line
- Artwork that creates straight lines or curved lines.
Figure 6.4 Examples of lines in graphic design
Size
- How big or small an element is in relation to other object.
- Simply the relationship of the area occupied by one shape to that of another.
- Used to convey important, attract attention and create contrast.
- To make a particular element stand out or give it importance.
Figure 6.5 Examples of size
Scale
- Scale refers to the size of an object (a whole) in relationship to another object (another whole). In art the size relationship between an object to the human body is significant. In experiencing the scale of an artwork we tend to compare its size to the size of our own bodies.
- Scale creates emphasis, drama, and aids hierarchy.
Figure 6.6 Painting by Chuck Close, named "Mark"
- Uses scaling to make the painting larger than an average people.
- Reason is so that he could focus more on the details in the man's face.
Figure 6.7 "The Great Wave"
- Presence of human is tiny compare to the size of the wave.
- Mountain appears dwarfed by the sheer size of the threatening wave.
For this assignment, I decided to do lines. And I actually kind of having a hard time on doing the assignment. I think too long for this assignment. Even when I already look for some references, it still needs a lot of time for me to finally decided on what to make.
Figure 6.8 My first attempt on making an artwork about lines
At first I kind of like the work. But then I see there's a lot of white spaces in it. The person in the artwork may look appealing when I only focus on the person. But when I see it in a full look of A4 paper, there are so many spaces. So the whole drawing doesn't look appealing anymore. I want to draw another objects in the white spaces, but I think it would be too much. I'm thinking about making another lines or maybe dots around the person and maybe make the other objects as a background. I'm also thinking about making patterns for the background as I see some references, there's a lot of people who makes it like that.
Figure 6.9 Some pattern references
Suddenly when I want to continue the work at home, I felt like I might not like it if I do patterns for the background. At that time, I'm not in the mood of doing patterns. I think I wouldn't be satisfied with the result. Also, It would be wonderful if I enjoy while doing my work.
In my opinion, if I drew lines or pattern, my artwork wouldn't look special later on, maybe it is because there are already a lot of people who does the similar thing.
So I finally decided to redo the work since I felt like it. I see there are also a lot of people who do a 3-dimension line drawing. It looks pretty interesting for me. So I decided to make it.
Figure 6.10 Some references that inspires me to do 3-dimensional drawing
Figure 6.11 My artwork before feedback
I decided to make a fabric look alike. By playing with the transparency and the placement of the lines. The challenge of doing this artwork is thinking about the movement and the transparency. Because I want to make it look real as possible.
Then, when I show it to Miss Sherry she said that I'm doing a very good job and the artwork looks beautiful. She said it does look like a fabric. She can see the lines, movement and 3-dimension. She said that it is a very thoughtful work. Which is true, because I did quite a lot of thinking while doing the artwork. I have to plan it well. Miss Sherry really likes the transparency in the lines, there are light lines and bold lines in my artwork, which makes it turns out to look like a fabric. But there's one thing. The composition. It would be better if put something in the white space in the bottom of the paper.
Figure 6.12 Closeups of the white spaces
As you see, in the final results, I add in some lines to fill in the white spaces. So the composition looks more appealing.
Besides that assignment, this week Miss Sherry told us to sketch one of our friend's shoe too. Because of making the sketches, I feel like I'm starting to get used to sketch something real or objects. Which is a good practice for us who wants to improve our drawing skills.
Figure 6.14 My sketch of my friend's shoe
Feedback:
Miss Sherry commented on my drawing of lines. She said that I'm doing a very good job and the artwork looks beautiful. She said it does look like a fabric. She can see the lines, movement and 3-dimension. She said that it is a very thoughtful work. Which is true, because I did quite a lot of thinking while doing the artwork. I have to plan it well. Miss Sherry really likes the transparency in the lines, there are light lines and bold lines in my artwork, which makes it turns out to look like a fabric.
Week 7
Harmony, Movement and Rhythm
Harmony
Week 8
Figure/Ground and Shape/Form
Figure 8.1 Lines, spaces, colour describe space
Space is two dimensional and two dimensional can be described by line, space, and colour.
Figure 8.2 Three main geometric shapes
Square, triangle, circle are the three main geometrical shapes. Shapes are like the brain attempt at resolving an object as recognisable to one's experience. Objects and environment that are recognisable to us referred as being realistic or naturalistic.
Figure 8.3 Objectice abstract shape
Objective abstract means abstracted or derived from realistic objects. The source is not immediately apparent.
Figure 8.4 Non-objectice abstract shape
Non-objectice abstract do not refer to any real objects. Based on pure study of form, shape, and colour.
Figure 8.5 Forms
Forms are three dimensional. It gives dimension, volume, texture, and space. Forms can be done by adding lines, tones or colours.
A form is a shape with meaning and its meaning is ever-changing, depending on not just the direction of view but also on the perspective and or the philosophy traditions of individuals or society that were dominant at any particular moment in history. (Anthony Vidler Rudolf Arnheim)
Figure 8.6 Forms as shape, idea or essence
Form as an idea, indicating the characteristic of how we see something rather than how something is present as it is.
Figure 8.7 Penrose triangle
Figure 8.8 Form as an idea
Figure 8.9 Blivet (Devil's fork)
Figure 8.10 Rubin Vase - Edgar Rubin - Danish Psychologist
Figure 8.11 Figure and ground photography example
Figure 8.12 Mobius with birds - M.C Escher - Artist
Some difference between figure and ground.
Figure 8.13 Blur, Size, and Contrast
Types of figure and ground
Figure 8.14 Types of figure and ground
Figure and ground relation to gestalt principle.
Week 9
Proximity/Perspective/Proportion/Unity&Variety
Proximity
Proximity is a grouping and shaping of objects in a composition. Objects near each other are seem as a unit. Proximity create and dispel connections. Proximity applied in design by moving visual elements closer together or further apart.
Figure 6.8 My first attempt on making an artwork about lines
At first I kind of like the work. But then I see there's a lot of white spaces in it. The person in the artwork may look appealing when I only focus on the person. But when I see it in a full look of A4 paper, there are so many spaces. So the whole drawing doesn't look appealing anymore. I want to draw another objects in the white spaces, but I think it would be too much. I'm thinking about making another lines or maybe dots around the person and maybe make the other objects as a background. I'm also thinking about making patterns for the background as I see some references, there's a lot of people who makes it like that.
Figure 6.9 Some pattern references
Suddenly when I want to continue the work at home, I felt like I might not like it if I do patterns for the background. At that time, I'm not in the mood of doing patterns. I think I wouldn't be satisfied with the result. Also, It would be wonderful if I enjoy while doing my work.
In my opinion, if I drew lines or pattern, my artwork wouldn't look special later on, maybe it is because there are already a lot of people who does the similar thing.
So I finally decided to redo the work since I felt like it. I see there are also a lot of people who do a 3-dimension line drawing. It looks pretty interesting for me. So I decided to make it.
Figure 6.10 Some references that inspires me to do 3-dimensional drawing
Figure 6.11 My artwork before feedback
I decided to make a fabric look alike. By playing with the transparency and the placement of the lines. The challenge of doing this artwork is thinking about the movement and the transparency. Because I want to make it look real as possible.
Then, when I show it to Miss Sherry she said that I'm doing a very good job and the artwork looks beautiful. She said it does look like a fabric. She can see the lines, movement and 3-dimension. She said that it is a very thoughtful work. Which is true, because I did quite a lot of thinking while doing the artwork. I have to plan it well. Miss Sherry really likes the transparency in the lines, there are light lines and bold lines in my artwork, which makes it turns out to look like a fabric. But there's one thing. The composition. It would be better if put something in the white space in the bottom of the paper.
Figure 6.12 Closeups of the white spaces
Figure 6.13 The final result and closeups of the changes I make
Besides that assignment, this week Miss Sherry told us to sketch one of our friend's shoe too. Because of making the sketches, I feel like I'm starting to get used to sketch something real or objects. Which is a good practice for us who wants to improve our drawing skills.
Figure 6.14 My sketch of my friend's shoe
Feedback:
Miss Sherry commented on my drawing of lines. She said that I'm doing a very good job and the artwork looks beautiful. She said it does look like a fabric. She can see the lines, movement and 3-dimension. She said that it is a very thoughtful work. Which is true, because I did quite a lot of thinking while doing the artwork. I have to plan it well. Miss Sherry really likes the transparency in the lines, there are light lines and bold lines in my artwork, which makes it turns out to look like a fabric.
Week 7
Harmony, Movement and Rhythm
Harmony
- Can be described as sameness, the belonging of one thing with another.
- There are two types of harmony, visual and conceptual harmony.
- Visual harmony
Figure 7.1 Example of visual harmony
2. Conceptual harmony
When an artwork has a common theme or concept throughout it.
Figure 7.2 Example of Conceptual Harmony
Harmony can be achieved by repetition of design elements like colour, texture, shape and form. Also can be achieved through repetition, rhythm and right amount of unity and variety.
Figure 7.3 Shape and right amount of repetition make harmony
Movement
Movement is the path of the viewer's eye takes through the work of art often to focus of areas. Such movements can be directed along lines, edges, shape, and colour within the work of art.
- Movement through action
Figure 7.4 Fuzzy outlines
Figure 7.5 Multiple images
Figure 7.6 Anticipated movement
- Movement in repetition and rhythm
Repetition tend to tie things together and makes the eye wander around the picture to establish a movement.
Figure 7.7 Optical illusion
Figure 7.8 Vincent Van Gogh - Starry Night
Rhythm
Rhythm indicates movement, created by the careful placement of repeated element in a work of art to cause a visual tempo or beat. There are four types of rhythm; regular, progressive, alternating and random rhythm.
- Regular rhythm
Figure 7.9 Brick wall
Figure 7.10 Jasper Johns - Three Flags, 1958
- Progressive rhythm
Progressive rhythm occurs when there is a gradual increase or decrease in either size, number, colour, or some other quality of the elements is repeated.
Figure 7.11 Marcel Duchamp - Nude Descending a Staircase
- Alternating rhythm
Alternating rhythm occurs when there are two or more motifs that are alternated creating an overall piece. Elements may not necessarily be identical to one another but it is similar.
Figure 7.12 M.C Escher - Lizard
- Random rhythm
It is created through similar elements or motifs that are repeated with no consistency, basically a random rhythm but in the end, the final piece could stick be seen as a whole.
Figure 7.13 Chuck Close - Self Portrait
Miss Sherry told us to take or choose photographs of anything that related to this week's presentation.
I remember, since I was in school, I. always interested in photography. Even before I know anything about design principles, I already interested on taking pictures that has a unifying colour, shape, etc. I always feel amazed with those kind of things.
So, since I already lots of photographs that represent about harmony or rhythm, For this assignment I decided to choose my most favourite picture that I took when I was still a high school student. I took the photo when I was on holiday with my family. I see this souvenir store that sells house figures. I like how it has a consistency but also has a various colours.
Figure 7.14 Harmony and Rhythm photograph (Final work)
As you can see, it has the sameness that shows it is an organised house figures. You can see the different colours, shape, and composition, but somehow it is actually looks unified. In my final work, I want to show the harmony and rhythm. You can see the rhythm from the rooftop of the houses.
Figure/Ground and Shape/Form
Figure 8.1 Lines, spaces, colour describe space
Space is two dimensional and two dimensional can be described by line, space, and colour.
Figure 8.2 Three main geometric shapes
Square, triangle, circle are the three main geometrical shapes. Shapes are like the brain attempt at resolving an object as recognisable to one's experience. Objects and environment that are recognisable to us referred as being realistic or naturalistic.
Figure 8.3 Objectice abstract shape
Objective abstract means abstracted or derived from realistic objects. The source is not immediately apparent.
Figure 8.4 Non-objectice abstract shape
Non-objectice abstract do not refer to any real objects. Based on pure study of form, shape, and colour.
Figure 8.5 Forms
Forms are three dimensional. It gives dimension, volume, texture, and space. Forms can be done by adding lines, tones or colours.
A form is a shape with meaning and its meaning is ever-changing, depending on not just the direction of view but also on the perspective and or the philosophy traditions of individuals or society that were dominant at any particular moment in history. (Anthony Vidler Rudolf Arnheim)
Figure 8.6 Forms as shape, idea or essence
Form as an idea, indicating the characteristic of how we see something rather than how something is present as it is.
Figure 8.7 Penrose triangle
Figure 8.8 Form as an idea
Figure 8.9 Blivet (Devil's fork)
Figure 8.10 Rubin Vase - Edgar Rubin - Danish Psychologist
Figure 8.11 Figure and ground photography example
Figure 8.12 Mobius with birds - M.C Escher - Artist
Some difference between figure and ground.
Figure 8.13 Blur, Size, and Contrast
Types of figure and ground
Figure 8.14 Types of figure and ground
Figure and ground relation to gestalt principle.
Figure 8.15 Gestalt principle to figure and ground
Miss sherry explained to us that we can use any media for this exercise. For this exercise I want to make figure/ground and edited and draw it in photoshop.
Figure 8.16 My first attempt on making gestalt figure/ground.
When I showed the artwork, Miss Sherry and Miss Anis told me that they don't really see what am I trying to do in my work. Miss Anis said that she doesn't really see the gestalt. Miss Sherry told me that the smoke looks like an ice cream cone instead of smoke. Miss Anis also said that my geometric shape looks odd and messy.
So, I decided to redo the exercise. I look for some references. And I found some that inspires me.
Figure 8.17 Some references for Gestalt
After seeing the references, I decided to draw digitally a human sillhouette with an animal body. I choose a boy sillhouette and a wolf.
Figure 8.18 Some pictures that I choose as a guide
Figure 8.19 The Final Outcome
Week 9
Proximity/Perspective/Proportion/Unity&Variety
Proximity
Proximity is a grouping and shaping of objects in a composition. Objects near each other are seem as a unit. Proximity create and dispel connections. Proximity applied in design by moving visual elements closer together or further apart.
9.1 Proximity
A good sense of proximity in design can help differentiate visual elements to reduce visual clutter and make design more comprehensible.
9.2 Proximity
9.3 Proximity; In design, one should avoid the appearance of having made arbitrary decision
The main purpose of proximity is to organise information. It's the relationship or lack of relationship between shapes than can trigger feelings, convey messages, engage an audience, add emphasis to a portion of the layout and create dynamics.
Perspective
There are several types of perspective:
1. Atmospheric
Atmospheric perspective refers to colours and our sense of detail, look at objects up close or far in the distance. When and object is in the distance, its colour lose their intensity.
2. Linear Perspective
Linear perspective uses a geometric system consisting of a horizon line at eye level, vanishing points to create the illusion of space and distance on a two-dimensional surface.
There are three main types of linear perspective; one point, two point, and three point.
9.4 One point
9.5 Two point
9.6 Three point
Proportion
Proportion is harmonious relationship between two or more elements that are put together in a composition so that all elements work together and no element takes over or is too dominant, or is so small tone ineffectual.
9.7 Proportion
Good proportion adds harmony and symmetry, or balance, among the parts of a design as a whole.
9.8 Examples of good harmony
9.10 Good proportion
9.11 Proportion affects people emotionally
People respond emotionally to proportion, just understand that you are communicating different messages by placing elements in and out of proportion and make appropriate decisions based on what you want to communicate.
Unity/Variety
Unity in an artwork creates a sense of harmony and wholeness, by using similar elements within the composition and placing them in a way that brings them all together.
Variety adds interest by using contrasting elements within the composition.
9.12 Difference between unity and variety
9.13 Wasily Kandinsky - Several Circles (Einige Kreise), January- February 1926
Unity
Simplicity: it refers to purposely reducing the amount of potential variety.
Repetition: repetition within a composition will guarantee a feeling of unity.
Proximity: it refers to the closeness of different components in a work of art.
9.14 Unity
Variety is design principle that embraces diversity of structure, rules, look, and feel.
9.15 Variety
For this exercise, I want to try something I've never done before. I want to try making a weird drawing but people could still see that there's something in it. I see that unity/variety is the most fitted to describe the drawing. As I see some reference, I found some that I think was interesting.
9.16 Some references that I found
9.17 My Final Outcome
The different colours shows variety. And the unity are the masks.
For me, the hardest part was planning the colour. Because I want the masks to be more dominant than the background. Also the colour for the background is quite hard to plan. Because I want it to have a good variety of colours where there is balance. I don't want it to be a lot of bright colours or it to be a lot of dark colours. I want it to be equal.
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